The Egyptian Language School Name : ---------------------
English Language Department Class : ---------------------
Stage : First Prep Date : ---------------------
Subject : Reading / Columbus & the Egg
Answer Key
Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.
Columbus & the Egg
This is a story about Columbus. He was an explorer. He is the explorer who came to the Americas from Spain in 1492. This is a story about what might have happened long ago when he was back in Spain. When Columbus came back from his trip to the Americas, many people praised him. He was made an admiral. That means he was a leader. People said what a great thing he had done. But not everyone liked him. Some were jealous of all the attention he got. One day Columbus was at a party that a Spanish gentleman gave in his honor. People were saying, “What a great discovery you have made.” Several persons were present who were jealous of the great admiral's success. They were proud, conceited fellows, and they very soon began to try to make Columbus uncomfortable. ``You have discovered strange lands beyond the seas,'' they said, ``but what of that? We do not see why there should be so much said about it. Anybody can sail across the ocean; and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side, just as you have done. It is the simplest thing in the world.'' Columbus made no answer; but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company: ``Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg stand on end?'' One by one those at the table tried the experiment. When the egg had gone entirely around and none had succeeded, all said that it could not be done. Then Columbus took the egg and struck its small end gently upon the table so as to break the shell a little. After that there was no trouble in making it stand upright. ``Gentlemen,'' said he, ``what is easier than to do this which you said was impossible? It is the simplest thing in the world. Anybody can do it--AFTER HE HAS BEEN SHOWN HOW!''
Choose the right answer
Columbus was in --------------------and came back to the Americas
America
London
Spain
France
When Columbus came back , -------------------
Everyone liked him
Nobody liked him
Some liked him & others didn't
None of the above
The experiment proved that -------------------------
All people are smart
Some are smart
Some can use their mentality in the proper way
Nobody is smart
Answer the following questions :
What lessons can people learn from this story?
-----------------that not all that appear is true . Some people are easily deceived by appearances . A sound person should use his mentality ----------
``You have discovered strange lands beyond the seas,'' they said, ``but what of that? We do not see why there should be so much said about it. Anybody can sail across the ocean; and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side, just as you have done. It is the simplest thing in the world.'' What can you infer about the people who said so ? Why ?
---------I can infer that people were somehow jealous as they were trying to undermine what Colombus did ,talking badly of what he did -------------------------------------------------------
Columbus answer ``Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg stand on end?'' show something about his character . What is it ? Why ?
-------------------------this proved that he is very smart taking their minds somewhere else to test their mentalities and he succeeded inn doing that ----------------------------------------
Try to guess the meanings of the highlighted words :
Word Meaning
Explorer Someone who tries to find out things
Praised To tell good words about someone
Conceited To be proud / boasting off
Cesar Estrada Chavez
Objective sight words :(labor leader, non-violent methods, migrant, philosophies, immigrants, voting registration, pesticides, chemicals, strikes, protest, boycott);
concepts (migrant workers and importance of working rights, non-violent means to achieve worker rights, St. Francis and Gandhi influence, Great Depression)
By: Sue Peterson Cesar Estrada Chavez (1927-1993) was a Mexican American labor leader who used non-violent methods to fight for the rights of migrant farm workers in the southwestern United States. Migrant workers often move from farm to farm or from town to town to find work. It is usually difficult work and does not pay a high wage. Chavez was influenced greatly by the peaceful philosophies of St. Francis of Assisi and Mohandas Gandhi.
When he was ten-years old, his parents lost the family farm because of the Great Depression. They were forced to become migrant workers themselves. Chavez worked part-time in the farm fields with his family in Arizona and later in California, when his family lived there. After graduating from 8th grade, Chavez worked full-time to help support his family. He served in the U.S. Navy during WWII, married Helen Fabela in 1948, and eventually helped raise a family of eight children. Chavez and his wife helped teach Mexican immigrants to read and helped them with voting registration. Chavez was concerned over the health and working conditions of the migrant population. He did not like the use of pesticides, the name of the chemicals used to kill bugs on the crops. He knew that pesticides could make human beings sick. He organized a group of people to help work for the rights of farm workers. They worked on many goals like increasing the wages for the workers, improving their working conditions, and improving the safety for the farm workers. Chavez helped organize strikes, whereby the workers chose to stop working to protest some important issues related to work. For example, the migrant workers went on strike to protest the poor wages, poor working conditions, and lack of safety on their jobs. They refused to work until something changed regarding their salary and these working conditions. The public, that is consumers like you, sometimes chooses to support the strike by not buying certain products or not buying from a certain store, etc. This is called a boycott. Boycotts put pressure on the people who make decisions regarding those who are protesting and striking. Chavez went on many hunger strikes, too, which is another type of strike to prove a point and draw attention to what his concerns were. In a hunger strike, you basically do not eat until the demands are met. Chavez was able to use the hunger strikes to move legislators to change the laws to improve the lives of farm workers. Because of Chavez’s actions, he was jailed many times. Despite this, he continued his goal of helping to fight for the migrant worker. Chavez, with aid from Dolores Huerta and Gilbert Padilla, started a union called the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) to help fight for social justice. He organized a national boycott of lettuce and grapes. The name NFWA was changed to the United Farm Workers (UFW) in 1974. In 1978, some of the demands for better wages and working conditions were met, so the boycott for the lettuce and grapes was lifted. Throughout his life, Chavez’s motto was “Si, se puede”. This meant, “Yes, it can be done”. Chavez proved that it could be done. His work for fair treatment and better pay for migrant workers helped make the lives of millions of people better. After a lifetime of working to help these people, Chavez died in 1993. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom after his death. Chavez’s children and grandchildren continue in his footsteps to help fight for the rights for migrant workers.
Choose the right answer
1. What are 3 reasons that there were migrant farm worker “strikes” mentioned in the text?
a. to protest poor wages
b. to protest working conditions
c. to protest safety conditions
d. to be able to go on vacation
2.. What is the name of the union that Chavez started?
a. The Migrant Association
b. The National Farm Workers Association
c. Farmers All United
d. All for One
3. The union name changed to ______ in 1974.
a. Si, Se Puede
b. United Farm Workers
c. Workers All
d. Farming for All Definitions
4.. Find the word in the text
Word Meaning
Immigrant The one traveling to another country
Protestor The one who refuses something / object
Pesticides Chemicals for fighting bugs on crops
Extended Response (Answer in complete sentences.)
What were some of Chavez’s non-violent methods used to fight for the rights of farm workers? Were these successful? If so, how?
----------------He organized a group of people to work for farmers’ rights. He also organized strikes and boycotts like the lettuce and grape boycotts. Another thing he did was to organize a union. All of these actions were successful and led to better working conditions and increased wages for the migrant workers.---------------------------------------------------------------
2. What did Chavez and his wife Helen do to help Mexican immigrants regarding literacy (i.e., the ability to read and write)?
------------Chavez and his wife helped teach reading and helped with voter registration.
3. What were some of the concerns regarding farm work? How did Chavez’s motto play a role in his action toward changing the working conditions for the migrant farmer?
--------------- There were concerns over working conditions, safety, and salary. Chavez played a role in helping change the conditions for the migrant worker. In fact, he helped millions of people. His children and grandchildren continue the fight for the rights of the migrant worker ----------------------------------------------------------
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